* Is this theme a block theme. $this->headers['Name'] = $this->stylesheet; Communicating unwelcome news or a products fine print can benefit from kairos rhetoric as well. * @var string[] * @since 3.4.0 * @since 5.8.0 Include block templates. * Cache entries are keyed by the theme and the type of data. /** This filter is documented in wp-includes/link-template.php */ The first realm is that of chronos, which is linear and measurable; it's what we think of as "time" today. /** Well define kairos in a moment. How many levels deep to search for files. . * case 'Name': sprintf( return $this->get( 'Version' ); 'Tags' => 'Tags', Post it on YouTube? * @return bool Whether the theme exists. */ // Initialize caching on first run. 'flexible-width' => 'fluid-layout', return $this->stylesheet; $this->headers_sanitized = array(); Kairos is a reading strategy that can be used to help identify and interpret the implicit meaning of a text. $types = array( 'page' ); return true; ); Aristotle submits that each of these three tactics enjoys a time and place when it is more effective than the other two. public function get_stylesheet() { if ( empty( $file ) ) { Well specifically look at kairos examples in digital media, commercials, and advertising. Adding to it, there are basically five strategies for reading that consist of activating background knowledge, questioning, analyzing text structure, visualization and summarizing. public function offsetSet( $offset, $value ) {} Its not hard to understand why it works; both the song and the imagery are heartbreaking! 'block_theme' => $this->is_block_theme(), */ * Be accomodative; appeal to each specific context. public function offsetGet( $offset ) { * * @param string[] $allowed_themes An array of theme stylesheet names. D. } The 5 Strategies You Must Be Using to Improve 4+ ACT Points, How to Get a Perfect 36 ACT, by a Perfect Scorer. $theme_root_template : $this->theme_root, $this ); * @return mixed Retrieved data return $this->display( 'AuthorURI' ); ); array( * meaning that the theme's directory was not found, does not exist. * foreach ( $types as $type ) { return $this->get_files( 'css', 0, false ); It refers to "opportune presentation" in rhetoric. Avoids an entire branch of filesystem calls above. /** $exclusions = (array) apply_filters( 'theme_scandir_exclusions', array( 'CVS', 'node_modules', 'vendor', 'bower_components' ) ); Used with usort(). strategies for building ethos. foreach ( array_reverse( self::$default_themes ) as $slug => $name ) { if ( isset( $this->block_theme ) ) { My team is not ), public function is_allowed( $check = 'both', $blog_id = null ) { 'Stylesheet Dir', * WP_Theme Class } break; Subscribe for more filmmaking videos like this. To fully understand the power of persusaion, these are the tools you need. Sometimes the conclusions you reach with deductive reasoning can be valid, as in the reasoning makes sense, but the conclusion may not be necessarily true. * default: */ Array of extensions to find, string of a single extension, file_exists( $this->theme_root . if ( is_file( $path_to_index_block_template ) && is_readable( $path_to_index_block_template ) ) { 'seasonal' => __( 'Seasonal' ), * @since 3.4.0 'theme', * or null for all extensions. * translated header. case 'Author URI': Kelly is a woman, therefore all women must pick their nose. * @var string $theme_file, self::$file_headers, 'theme' ); /** All men are mortal, and Socrates is a man, therefore Socrates must be mortal. */ } '-' . 'twentytwentytwo' => 'Twenty Twenty-Two', Youve studied the rhetorical pyramid. * Searches in the stylesheet directory before the template directory so themes Kairos is a very particular persuasive technique that requires a finger on the pulse of pop culture and current events. Kairos is a rhetorical strategy that considers the timeliness of an argument or message, and its place in the zeitgeist. } It doesnt matter that theyre not politicians or political scientists; audiences find themappealing and genuine. We encourage teachers to go into an investigation not knowing the answer and allow themselves to be part of the wonder and joy of inquiry-based learning. C. If you want to grab attention, the time it right. Deductive arguments build on statements to reach a conclusionin effect, the conclusion is reached in reverse. break; 'responsive-layout' => __( 'Responsive Layout' ), 'template', } Kairos can be regarded as seeking for the appropriate moment send a shot, it a balance awareness of the rhetorical situation. $post_templates = array(); ); Everything plugs along smoothly. } The College Entrance Examination BoardTM does not endorse, nor is it affiliated in any way with the owner or any content of this site. /** return $this->get_stylesheet_directory(); Dads changing diapers? If so, now might not be the right time to get your commercial out there. public function get( $header ) { $value = strip_tags( $value ); 'stylesheet' => $this->stylesheet, 'black' => __( 'Black' ), * * The main screenshot is called screenshot.png. return $this->get_template_directory(); 'Name' => 'Theme Name', Youre a user. return $this->textdomain_loaded; } elseif ( $directories && isset( $directories[ $this->template ] ) ) { */ return null; September 27, 2020 . * Header data from the theme's style.css file after being sanitized. * Enables a theme for all sites on the current network. public static function get_allowed_on_network() { 'Template', } elseif ( ! * @since 3.4.0 $this->cache_add( 'screenshot', 'screenshot.' return strnatcasecmp( $a->name_translated, $b->name_translated ); It all comes down to timing. * @since 3.4.0 public function exists() { if ( self::$persistently_cache ) { */ $cache = array( * @since 6.2.0 * That doesnt mean that it is less effectivemany scientific concepts we accept as truth are inductive theories simply because we cannot travel back in time and prove thembut rather that inductive reasoning is based on eliminating the impossible and ending in an argument that is based in sound logic and fact, but that may not necessarily be provable. A compelling video, argument, or pitch draws from elements of all three major strategies. 'errors' => $this->errors, Moreover, Kairos can be used as an inquiry strategy by using it to seize the opportunity at a particular moment after creating awareness. private $headers = array(); ) case 'Stylesheet': If you run into trouble, you can always ask questions about what youre seeing, hearing, or reading to understand what mode of persuasion its using. Food gives the body energy. if ( isset( $cache['theme_root_template'] ) ) { if ( is_int( self::$persistently_cache ) ) { ); } } * @since MU (3.0.0) $post_templates = (array) apply_filters( 'theme_templates', $post_templates, $this, $post, $post_type ); if ( $_child->stylesheet == $this->template ) { is_wp_error( $this->errors ) || ! } * Header data from the theme's style.css file. 'headers' => $this->headers, * @since 3.4.0 $extensions || preg_match( '~\. * @since 3.4.0 $relative_path = trailingslashit( $relative_path ); /** /** * Defaults to true. * 'We need tips from you for tomorrow,' Saunak said . Appeals to the audience's capacity for empathy, often by using an imaginable story to exemplify logical appeals. // If we're in a directory of themes inside /themes, look for the parent nearby. /** Less than seven years later, Bieber appeared in a T-Mobile commercial that aired during the 2017 Super Bowl. * * The fact that the figure is anonymous tells us its probably not ethos. * 'abbr' => array( 'title' => true ), case 'tags': 'AuthorURI' => 'Author URI', } It can work wonders for your ad campaign but it might work even more when used in combination. 'fixed-layout' => __( 'Fixed Layout' ), Now what? } else { ) ); * - `theme_page_templates` Socrates is a man. 'template' => $this->template, */ * Site is provided as context so that a list of network allowed themes can } return $this->get( 'Name' ); * Returns the absolute path to the directory of the theme root. break; $this->parent()->get( 'Name' ) : ''; ) Would buying time during the Oscars be a better fit? $theme_file ) ) { One of todays most relevant advanced techniques is the concept of kairos, or acting at the opportune moment. private $textdomain_loaded; However, take a look at that statistic. Inquiry-based learning, if front-loaded well, generates such excitement in students that neurons begin to fire, curiosity is triggered, and they can't wait to become experts in answering their own questions. /** $this->theme_root = $theme_root; * Returns the directory name of the theme's "stylesheet" files, inside the theme root. return $this->textdomain_loaded; "The door was unlocked, and we didn't know you were coming out!" default: * A reference to the parent theme, in the case of a child theme. * /** * @param string $relative_path Optional. /** */ You write it, plan the shoot, and get it in the can. */ * This SNL Annuale commercial does prove that good timing the kairos definition means a lot to comedy. Kairos is the Greek word for the opportune moment, which is precisely what it means in rhetoric. str_replace( '%2F', '/', rawurlencode( $this->stylesheet ) ); public function get_template() { * being absolute paths. $this->cache_add( } * file_exists( $theme_path . * @since 3.4.0 } $value = wp_kses( $value, $header_tags_with_a ); Thayer's Greek Lexicon notes it comes . case 'Name': * @param string $theme_root Theme root. /** $screenshot = $this->cache_get( 'screenshot' ); return false; return $this->name_translated; In rhetoric, kairos is part of four important rhetorical strategies used by a speaker or an author. #[AllowDynamicProperties] return false; * * @since 3.4.0 } /** In modern Greek, kairos also means 'weather' or 'time'.. * Callback function for usort() to naturally sort themes by translated name. * In the case of a child theme, this is the URL to the directory of the return false; return; } } A crying child is almost certainly pathos. By the time we get to the warnings and side effects, the distracted viewer ignores it. public $update = false; * @since 3.4.0 * Gets a theme header, formatted and translated for display. /** $translate = false; $theme_root_template = $cache['theme_root_template']; 'code' => true, case 'Parent Theme': You can also use kairos as a strategy for building ethos. The concepts were introduced in Aristotles Rhetoric, a treatise on persuasion that approached rhetoric as an art, in the fourth century BCE. * } is_multisite() ) { * * @since 3.4.0 return $theme_root_uri . "Mahim ignored the shivers and the sweat and got out . $this->cache_add( * @return bool Whether the theme is allowed for the network. #[ReturnTypeWillChange] 'block_theme' => $this->block_theme, . switch ( $header ) { } if ( $domainpath ) { public static function network_enable_theme( $stylesheets ) { case 'Theme Root URI': . You'll give your message a boost if you also involve the "hidden" strategies of kairos and telos. $this->template . esc_html( $this->template ) * @since 3.4.0 } In Act III of Shakespeare's play "Julius Caesar," the character Mark Antony employs kairos in his first appearance before the crowd (bearing the corpse of Julius Caesar) and in his hesitation to read Caesar's will aloud.In bringing Caesar's corpse, Antony draws attention away from the character Brutus (who is declaiming about the "justice" that has been carried . * @since 5.0.0 Added the Twenty Nineteen theme. * @since 4.6.0 */ $this->cache_add( * @param string[] $allowed_themes An array of theme stylesheet names. case 'Template': * @var bool $relative_path = ''; } Derived from a Grecian root, kairos means the right time for doing something or presenting something. What matters is that they feel confident that the ad is selling them something they needin this case, impressive technological specifications that make this phone an improvement over others. return true; 'Parent Theme', case 'Tags': * @param int $blog_id ID of the site. * @param WP_Theme $b Second theme. * @param int $blog_id Optional. } "We need tips from you for tomorrow," Saunak said with a smile. * @since 6.1.0 Added `Update URI` header. '/' . } } // If you screw up your active theme and we invalidate your parent, most things still work. */ } An ethos-based argument will include a statement that makes use of the speaker or writers position and knowledge. Get ready to hone your timing to make stronger advertising videos. } Zero if they fall equally. sprintf( * @since 3.5.0 Added the Twenty Twelve theme. */ * This means that ['Name'] is not ideal, return; $tag = $tags_list[ self::$tag_map[ $tag ] ]; An argument at the wrong time or to the wrong audience will be wasted; to be effective, you must also consider when you are speaking and to whom. /** * return false; private $theme_root_uri; switch_to_blog( $blog_id ); if ( ! } else { return; public function get_stylesheet_directory_uri() { For example, all people with a cough have a cold. * @since 3.4.0 'Description' => 'Description', $value = esc_url( $value ); } * @param bool $markup Optional. * /** $file; $theme->translate_header( 'Name', $theme->headers['Name'] ); Check out this hilarious prescription drug commercial from Saturday Night Live. /** public function errors() { Sarah McLachlans Angel plays over footage of abused animals in shelters, encouraging viewers to donate money to support the organization. */ * @since 3.4.0 'UpdateURI' => 'Update URI', $this->stylesheet = $theme_dir; private $stylesheet; $results = scandir( $path ); * recurses to lower depths. Ethos, Pathos, Logos, Kairos: The Modes of Persuasion and How to Use Them, Get Free Guides to Boost Your SAT/ACT Score, partnerships with brands can have huge financial benefits for marketers, The dichotomies, expanded upon after Aristotle, are, the campaign raised millions of dollars for ASPCA, Learn how to say "good morning" in Japanese. These techniques also go by other terms: rhetorical appeals, persuasive strategies, and modes of persuasion. } $block_templates = get_block_templates( array(), 'wp_template' ); * @var string } __( 'Template is missing. * @var WP_Error } '/block-templates/index.html' ) // Deprecated path support since 5.9.0. Looking at each of these advertisements, you can see how they use each mode of persuasion to convince audiences to convince an audience of something. if ( preg_match( '|Template Post Type:(. } } When you reveal material you hope to downplay in your own video advertisements, you can be a bit more delicate than this kairos example. } else { private function markup_header( $header, $value, $translate ) { ) However, kairos was particularly interesting to the Sophists, a group of intellectuals who made their living teaching a variety of subjects. */ * @return string|array An array for Tags header, string otherwise. When combined, their potential effects grow exponentially. * Accesses the Name header directly from the class for maximum speed. * be filtered further. if ( is_textdomain_loaded( $textdomain ) ) { } $feature_list = get_theme_feature_list( false ); // No API. * @param array|string $data Data to store */ * */ Inductive reasoning can still be incredibly effective in persuasion, provided that your information is well-reasoned. It is mostly used in rhetoric but is also common in Christian theological presentations. case 'Tags': * @param mixed $value '/' . } * case 'AuthorURI': */ return $theme; * } */ 'headers' => $this->headers, case 'Theme Root': You can use dozens of filters and search criteria to find the perfect person for your needs. 'headers' => $_child->headers, Inductive reasoning creates a hypothesis that can be tested; its conclusion is not necessarily true, but can be examined. $value = esc_html( $this->get_stylesheet() ); Afterward, Kairos turned into the leading . * Method to implement ArrayAccess for keys formerly returned by get_themes() Persuasive ad techniques like these are employed all the time. Default empty. $files[ $relative_path . case 'template_dir': It is one of two words that the ancient Greeks had for 'time'; the other being chronos ().Whereas the latter refers to chronological or sequential time, kairos signifies a proper or opportune time for action. $this->$key = $cache[ $key ]; * $this->template . case 'theme_root': Thats not really a case that needs to be argued, but we can apply the same framework to other arguments as well. * @since 3.8.0 ); 'stylesheet' => $this->stylesheet, Learn more about Reading strategy, refer to the link: explains the order of the story/ you can use it to list events in order. return in_array( $offset, $keys, true ); * @var string 'block_theme' => $_child->is_block_theme(), if ( isset( $allowed_themes[ $blog_id ][ $theme_data->get( 'Name' ) ] ) ) { Array of extensions to find, string of a single extension, If the argument is based on a specific day or context, such as Valentines Day or appealing only to a select group of people, such as people with dogs, its more likely to be kairos. $allowed_themes = get_site_option( 'allowedthemes' ); 'name', * of the child theme's files. * Scans a directory for files of a certain extension. public function get_template_directory_uri() { * return $value; * private $template; } * * @param WP_Post|null $post The post being edited, provided for context, or null. public function offsetUnset( $offset ) {} /** return $this->get_template(); foreach ( array( 'block_theme', 'errors', 'headers', 'template' ) as $key ) { * Or maybe pathos isnt the right approachmaybe cold hard facts, using logos, is more suited. Kairos means taking advantage of or even creating a perfect moment to deliver a particular message. Therefore, Socrates must eat apples. return $this->get_stylesheet_directory_uri() . } 'block_theme' => $this->block_theme, return false; * ); * @return WP_Error|false WP_Error if there are errors, or false. if ( ! } * @var string $allowed_themes = (array) get_site_option( 'allowedthemes' ); * $allowed_themes = get_site_option( 'allowedthemes' ); Statistics are a huge clue that an argument is using logos. * * The pupils have been preparing for the musical play since classes started. Some might eat an apple once but never again. * $this->textdomain_loaded = false; 'strong' => true, } */ case 'parent_theme': How can kairos be used as a reading strategy? $files = array_merge_recursive( $files, $found ); * @return string|false Screenshot file. '/' . Our conclusion is likely, but not absolute. * @since 3.4.0 $path = $this->get_stylesheet_directory(); ); uofl.edu/writingcenter writing@louisville.edu (502)852-2173 Logos, Ethos, Pathos, Kairos Pathos (Greek for "suffering" or "experience") Focuses attention on the values and beliefs of the intended audience. * * Filters the array of excluded directories and files while scanning theme folder. The result? } else { * @param string $post_type Post type to get the templates for. return; * Cache entries keyed by the theme and the type of data. return false; * } The term comes from the Greek for "right time," "opportunity," or "season." Modern Greek also defines kairos as "weather." A kairos appeal depends a great deal on knowing which way the wind blows. * @param string[] $post_templates Array of template header names keyed by the template file name. But authority figures, such as doctors, dentists, or politicians, can also be used to appeal to ethos. $value = translate( $value, $this->get( 'TextDomain' ) ); public static function sort_by_name( &$themes ) { $this->errors = null; */ is_multisite() ) { * Late in the afternoon, Mahim felt his forehead and found that the fever had gone down. * if ( $this->template != $this->stylesheet ) { if ( 0 === strpos( get_user_locale(), 'en_' ) ) { if ( ! } On the other hand, Kairos can be regarded as seeking for the appropriate moment send a shot, it a balance awareness of the rhetorical situation. It sums up the Bieber Fever that was sweeping the world in 2011. Whether to return parent files. $_child->errors = new WP_Error( 'photoblogging' => __( 'Photoblogging' ), * @return string Stylesheet * if ( 'both' === $check || 'network' === $check ) { case 'Tags': According to Strong's Greek Concordance, kairos means time or season, and it is a noun used to represent a fitting season or opportunity, an occasion. 'allowed_themes' keyed things by name. private $block_theme; /** In the process of citing biblical uses of kairos, Kermode asserts that kairos conveys more than 'screenshot.' Levines band Maroon 5 even performed at that years Super Bowl Halftime Show. * @since 3.9.0 */ Using mathematics and computational thinking 6. if ( isset( $cache[ $key ] ) ) { !== $parent_dir && file_exists( $this->theme_root . $this->stylesheet; Precision-timed casting. * @var bool ID of the site. The children are annoyed that they have to do schoolwork when theyd rather be outside. * Whereas logos and ethos appeal to our mental capacities for logic . $extensions = (array) $extensions; $stylesheet_directory = $this->get_stylesheet_directory(); private function sanitize_header( $header, $value ) { $this->cache_add( 'RequiresWP' => 'Requires at least', array( '-' . if ( $theme->exists() ) { 'screenshot', * * @var WP_Theme * @since 3.4.0 continue; * False on failure. 'template' => $this->template, } * } Nothing to see here. $value = array_filter( array_map( 'trim', explode( ',', strip_tags( $value ) ) ) ); 'Version' => 'Version', To avoid making a disastrous Superbowl ad, take notes from some of the best Superbowl commercials. * * returned path for the found files, particularly when this function Hatch your concept and make a persuasive ad right here. /** This action is documented in wp-includes/theme.php */ return apply_filters( 'theme_file_path', $path, $file ); return $value; * @since 4.4.0 Converted to allow complete control over the `$page_templates` array. * Adds theme data to cache. * In the case of a child theme, this is directory name of the child theme. /** * 'green' => __( 'Green' ), } } wp_cache_add_non_persistent_groups( 'themes' ); foreach ( $paths_to_index_block_template as $path_to_index_block_template ) { $theme_file = $this->stylesheet . $this->errors = new WP_Error( 'theme_no_stylesheet', __( 'Stylesheet is missing.' if ( isset( $this->name_translated ) ) { Because these commercials have been running for such a long time, theres also a nostalgic attachment to them. * Returns array of stylesheet names of themes allowed on the site. File to search for in the stylesheet directory. /** You'll recall that kairos refers to a favorable moment for action. return; if ( ! As always, be wary of venturing into manipulation, which is more likely to be based on erroneous or misleading facts. Ethos is used to convince an audience by offering reliability, honesty, and credibility. * All rights reserved. " If somebody is offended that youve asked them for something, you can try making them feel sorry for you by turning indignation into pitythats manipulation. /** * @return string URL to the stylesheet directory. * @since 4.7.0 Added the `$post_type` parameter. /** } else { * @param bool $search_parent Optional. // Set the parent, if we're a child theme. Do a little detective work to figure out which mode of persuasion you're seeing. 'twentyten' => 'Twenty Ten',
how can kairos be used as an inquiry strategy?