2 speed powerglide transmission fluid type

An overdrive complete with marketing material in 1961 just amazing. ), How could I not become thoroughly enmeshed in this story, with its excellent lead-in picture? teamed with the two-speed Fordomatic, performance was leisurely. We recently created this blog site to enable us to share our knowledge with other automotive mechanics and car owners. 2,400 HP. How much fluid does a 2 speed Powerglide hold? Torque-Drive was only offered on low-horsepower engines for Camaro and Nova. (P-R-N-1-2-3) with engine braking. Dexron (B) is the first generation of automatic transmission fluids. They were also used with Nova engines in the DJ-5A Jeeps produced 1968-1970 by Kaiser-Jeep and widely used as delivery vehicles by the United States Post Office. It was first introduced for general motors car brands in the mid-50s. The transmission will never function as expected if it is provided with the wrong oil with different specs. Transmission oil (Automatic transmission Fluid) consists of base oil and more than twenty different additives that make it work perfectly. When you compare type A transmission fluid vs. Dexron, we will find that Dexron (B) was composed of a more stable, less reactive, and hydrotreated base oil. Few parts were interchangeable. Eventually, the question of mixing different types of ATF is asked. Chit Chat Area, Anything on your mind goes here. Divorce, living in another country, etc. Low (starting) gear had a 1.75:1 ratio, and the torque converter had a maximum stall ratio of 2.6, meaning that the maximum effective starting gear ratio was 4.55:1. But it still instilled in me a lifelong dislike (OK, hatred is closer) of automatics in me. It is also possible to purchase all the parts needed to build an Aluminium Powerglide from scratch from most racing parts vendors. Dextron will work fine. As Aaron Severson puts it: Use of a common sun gear immediately distinguishes a Simpson gearset from the rival Ravigneaux gearset, which has two sun gears of different sizes, using short and long planet gears on a common planet carrier to mesh with a single ring gear., https://ateupwithmotor.com/terms-technology-definitions/simpson-gearset/?cookie-state-change=1563291613793. Well just FYI my trans builder recommends Type F. So if it's good enough for his 1100hp rail it's good enough for me! Let us discuss them in some detail. Don't run "designer" trans fluid. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. The Ford method is considerably more useful; it allows the driver to reduce torque to the drive wheels, which can help against wheelspin on slippery surfaces. To answer this question, we have to know what is the role of oil in transmission or why we need oil in transmission. May 8, 2023 The driver would start the car in "1st," then move the lever to "Hi" when desired. The chart will give you the information you need about the grade you should use in your car as certified by the car manufacturer. : My understanding is that the Dexron III Auto. No circle means above average reliability; light shaded circle, average; dark circle, worse than average. The Super Turbine 300 (Jetaway) was introduced for the 1964 model year as a replacement for the earlier Buick Dual-path and Oldsmobile/Pontiac Roto Hydramatic transmissions. Woo Hoo, V8 power. Whe in Park and the engine running on 1950er Glides there is NO fluid circulating through the transmission. Im glad that the 1957 brochure writer was explicit about the Fordomatic Drive having just 1 reverse gear. These cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the website, anonymously. As explained early, the ATF Type A has been replaced with Type A suffix A and Dexron B. The Simpson gearset was used in the THM 400 and Fords C-4 and C-6 in the Sixties. Powerglide Competition Transmission Add to cart $ Powerglide Competition Transmission. We will safeguard your e-mail and only send content you request. Eek! We are an automotive mechanic blog that helps mechanics and car users to find the most recent and accurate technical and repair information for their cars. Note that both of these are well below the typical manual first gear ratios of the times. Various bushings and parts and running with no lubrication. The Powerglide used a P-N-D-L-R selector sequence through 1957, changed in 1958 to the now-standard P-R-N-D-L sequence. [7] Powerglides are also popular in mud racing and monster truck racing. Osuagwu Solomon is a certified mechanic with over a decade of experience in the mechanic garage, and he has over five years of experience in the writing industry. Start the vehicle and allow it to reach normal operating temperature. My understanding was that the 2nd gear start was not so much about durability as it was about smoothness, as the 1-2 shift was not as pleasant as the 2-3. Towards the end of the original Fordomatics life, its three-speed capability was marketed more as in this description from the 1957 brochure. Type F fluid is a heaver viscosity. The continuing use of two speed automatics puzzles me: were fewer shifts considered desirable for some reason? Might I suggest you consider this: ATI has been in the performance transmission market for decades, and that means they know a little bit about transmission fluid as well. Welcome to rxmechanic.com. These were dubbed Cruiseomatic, and eventually were developed into the FMX (C6), the XT-LOD, and overdrive unit first built in 1962, but not produced until 1979, and later called FIOD and then AOD.. The new, modern ATF fluids are manufactured with a lower viscosity, and its kinematic viscosity is typically on the order of 6 centistokes (centimeter-gram-second) at 212 degrees, while the older fluids are in the range of 7.0 to 7.5 centistoke (heavier) at 212 degrees. When you purchase through links on our site, we may earn an affiliate commission, which supports our community. The two-speed Fordomatic had a fairly short life, and Ford made the right call to replace it with the light three-speed C4. Super F can also be used in high-performance street applications and is excellent for towing use. LOW GEAR BAND ADJUSTMENT. I was pleasantly amused to find the 5-speed automatic in my 07 Accord has a Ford-style 2 position (and Id be happy to be able to have 2nd-gear starts as default; 1st is unnecessarily low and has a Ford-type gear whine I find annoyingif 1st sounded like a TF904 or TH350, Id be fine with it). The new Cruisomatic had a 2.4:1 Low gear ratio and a 2.1;1 torque converter ratio, resulting in a maximum starting gear ratio of 5.04, a bit better than the new Fordomatic. Drag racers and many transmission rebuilders have been utilizing and recommending Type-F for decades to improve shift quality. Just like blood in the human body, oil functions the same in the transmission system. Currently Robert Campisi from Australia holds the World Record for the fastest run using a Powerglide transmission, clocking 5.95s at 260mph in his Twin Turbo Ford Mustang in September 2011.[8]. How do you check the fluid in a Powerglide transmission? Of course, theres no guarantee Ford would have continued to buy the Borg Warner automatic, but they bought manual units from Borg-Warner until BW sold off that business in the seventies. Idle at operating temp with gear selector in "N", then add fluid until between "add 1 qt" and "full". HP5283 Alum. . It can be mixed with petroleum-based ATF without harm, but obviously, the higher the percentage of Super F in the mix, the better the performance and reliability. I have a 1963 Ford Fairlane sport coupe 500. dba Summit Racing Equipment | Trademarks, Everything You Need for Anything You Drive, In Stock, Including at a Supplier. 2 From 1964-1967, Buick and Oldsmobile versions of this transmission used a torque converter with a variable-pitch stator called Switch-Pitch (by Buick) or Variable Vane (by Oldsmobile). Length, Chevy, Powerglide, Each, 4.5 out of 5 stars We apologize for the inconvenience, Transmission Pan Tube/Dipstick; Automatic Transmission Dipstick With Tube; Chrome Plated; Incl. By the way, decades before the Internet, I was very aware of the 2 speed Powerglide (Ive driven at least one), and later, the 2 speed Hondamatic. I'd buy at least 4 quarts. What type of fluid do you all use. Over non-synthetic and other synthetics without Type F, you can expect lower heat build-up for more consistent rounds, quicker and firmer shifts, longer life of the fluid, and internal parts, and fewer fluid changes! They said that the transmission was originally designed to use ATF Type A, as documented in the manual. The 1959 Ford O Matic was the last of the low-priced 3 to have a genuine 2 speed auto, and I wonder if Ford was playing Follow The Leader in an attempt to get more aggressive on price from the cheaper unit. ( 1 ), Estimated Ship Date: Some of the rare later ST300's had a bell housing that was cast like a "multi-case", but some were never drilled from the factory for the Chevrolet pattern in the United States other than the two lowest bolt holes that are shared, and never installed on any Chevy engine from the factory in the United States. And I still recall the dumb babble on the subject in the owners manual of my folks 80 Stinkoln Clown Car, first year for the AOD 4-speed automatic: There is no 2 position because the quadrant has only six positions. band stops changing then check at the end of each race #3 Never run the car (after sitting fir a time) for only a very short time. How much fluid does a 2 speed Powerglide hold? It is not okay to mix transmission fluid because most tranny fluids are incompatible with some transmission types, and mixing them will cause catastrophic damage to the tranny units. In Drive at full throttle, it would upshift from low gear to high gear at 6065mph (97105km/h). Refill with 4.5 quarts of Type "A" ATF. With the vehicle still running, remove the transmission fluid dipstick and inspect the amount of fluid present on the dipstick. Super Pump, Vasco Gear Sets with custom Turbo Sun Gear, By the mid-1950s, more than half of all new Chevrolets were sold with Powerglide. ATF transmits power produced by the engine to the transmission through the torque converter. It is something that every car owner should pay attention to. Build your own custom newsletter with the content you love from Chevy Hardcore, directly to your inbox, absolutely FREE! News Tech Help Jobs Contingency Warranty Contact Us 6718 Whitestone Road Gwynn Oak, MD 21207 877-298-5039 Fax 410-298-3579 Follow ATI Fluid-to-coolant heat exchanger in the bottom tank of the radiator. But as an avid Road & Track and Car and Driver reader starting in the mid-60s, the Fordomatic was completely off my radar until I discovered CC. You don't fill the converter, the pump in the tranny will fill the converter. . Check the phrasing again. It wasnt until the fuel crises prompted the move to adding an overdrive fourth gear that that arrangement was no longer seen as adequate for general use. When automatic transmissions were first introduced to the buying public, there was only one ATF meeting the requirements of the American manufacturers. Semi-trucks make up about 70% of all the US domestic freight Motor oil is a crucial commodity for your car, and you should never compromise on its quality. Type F is not compatible with any other ATF. By the late 1960s, demand for two-speed automatic transmissions was dwindling as buyers were demanding three-speed units (Ford, Chrysler and American Motors had already switched entirely to three-speed automatics by this time). But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. 1.64 or 1.80 Vasco Gear Set. Also note that Chryslers two-speed Powerflite was also available on the large cars through 1961 (but not with the six starting in 1960). Viscosities are 53.7 and 10.0. Most of the V8/Powerglide transmissions came with the 1.76 gear set. And wisely, it was the only automatic available on the new 1965 Mustang, introduced in April of 1964. Why does every gearbox require a different oil grade? (Powerglide actually started as the latter, but asking the old Stovebolt Six to make do without gears in normal driving didnt prove tenable.) the market today! O-Ring; Alumin, 3.0 out of 5 stars I wonder if Automatic transmissions with 2 or 3 gears were more reliable than later ones with 5 or More gears? Like the Ford design it started in 2nd. Most importantly, ATF Type A fluid should only be used with recommendations on vehicles that need mineral oil lubrication. When buying transmission oil, you should first identify the type of gearbox equipped in your vehicle. Sure, all liquids matter, but its the vital lubricant that keeps the clutches and friction plates within the transmission cool and running smoothly. P R N D2 D3 L. In modern parlance that would be P R N 2 D 1. SuperCase & Tailhousing, ATI Billet Aluminum It was available primarily on Chevrolet from January 1950 [1] through 1973, although some Pontiac models also used this automatic transmission after the fire at the Hydra-Matic factory in 1953. Mar 13, 2003. Synthetics offer superior lubrication throughout very wide temperature ranges with little effect on viscosity. Type A and other transmission fluids are a form of hydraulic fluid. Yes the ability to start out in second is a great feature for slippery conditions. In the past, the only way to cure this was to pull the transmission down and repair the valve. In an emergency, it is safe to say that any ATF is better than nothing, and mixing Dexron and Type-F is not detrimental to your transmission. In the late 80s, we saw the introduction of Dexron-III/Mercon. 2023 Power Automedia. Before the year, 2000, 80 percent of transmission fluid was covered by general motors Dexron 3. While the Simpson gearset became much more common in the 60s after Ford and GM introduced the C4/C6 and Turbo Hydra-Matic, Ravigneaux gearsets continued to be used concurrently for quite a long time, for instance in Fords FMX series, which spawned the later four-speed AOD. Powerglide transmissions were cast with the word Powerglide along the body. The Super Turbine 300 (abbreviated ST-300) was a two-speed automatic transmission built by General Motors. It was also a light-weight unit designed to be used with sixes and small-block V8s, although a few were used behind the 351M and even the 390FE. Not huge, from terrible to lousy, but hey, better is better. The Turboglide, only offered with V8 engines, was more expensive (by about $50) than the Powerglide and did not have wide acceptance, in part due to failures in 1957-58 models, which were addressed by a significantly upgraded version for 1959. The original Fordomatic was developed into the MX/FX automatics for 1958, the MX for the larger V8 cars and the FX for the smaller V8s. This new fluid can stand higher temperatures caused by newly invented torque converters. Also states that the trans had no modulator; incorrect on later models; they started I believe in 61. To be honest, the DG-series automatics lockup top gear might well have been abandoned around the point it was anyway, just for performance reasons. The instructor recommended using Ford fluid (type F) in all Powerglide or Turbo 350 transmissions. Earlier Fords used type FA fluid, but the AOD requires 12 quarts of Mercon V fluid to fill the transmission and torque converter. However, you may visit "Cookie Settings" to provide a controlled consent. The reason I ask is, Type-F fluid is formulated with a reduced friction modifier package with the goal to create quick clutch engagement and reduce clutch slippage. Straight Cut Planetary, Forward Shift Pattern, Full Manual Valve . How many quarts of oil does a powerglide hold? This generation was considered the most successful. 750. Every Chevy II Nova owner in the world knows the feeling of a "slip 'n' slide" two-speed transmission. Wouldnt want any confusion. I am done with Dexron III, Dexron/Mercon and Type F in any performance trans. True two-speeds were done to save money (lower option price=higher take rate), and to a lesser extent weight. Type H is not compatible with Type F and should not be used in a transmission requiring Type F. Some transmission fluids are very incompatible with different transmission types as they use different additives in the fluids. The 200-4R is a 4-speed automatic overdrive transmission by GM, capable of fitting into most Chevy's from the 80s and before, built similarly to the TH200 and TH350, as well as the 2-speed Powerglide transmission. This approach had many unfortunate (IMO) outcomes: In addition to Fords step backwards, they include Powerflite Hemis in the 50s, Chevrolet and GM musclecars through the 60s, and many years of Buick. It also acts as a surface cooler and cleaner. What kind of fluid goes in a Powerglide transmission? One notable exception was the export version of the transmission, which offered only the 1.82 ratio and was used by Holden in Australia behind their Australian built 6-cylinder and V8 engines. Therefore, how to choose the right oil is a must-know question in order not to lose your transmission. If its red it should be okay. How much oil does a 2 speed Powerglide take? Note that this stick does not protrude deeply enough into the pan, so adding fluid to the "full" mark might over-fill the trans. 2 Does it matter what type of transmission fluid I use? It will not upshift, drives fine in low and reverse. What kind of transmission fluid does a Chevy take? VerticalScope Inc., 111 Peter Street, Suite 600, Toronto, Ontario, M5V 2H1, Canada. Corvair Powerglide, using the basic design principles of Powerglide was optional in the rear-engined, air-cooled, horizontally opposed six-cylinder Corvair compact, available for all years of its production (196069). This will vary with HP as Superglide No, it was more that the two-speed (or 2+1) automatic was considered a workable compromise between the complexity of Hydra-Matic (which had four speeds) and the smooth but slushy performance of pure torque converter automatics. JavaScript is disabled. 100 times better than the type A from 65 years ago. Copied post from same thread another member posted. My present 58 Ford Custom 300 six has the older 3-speed Fordomatic (PRNDL). Using wrong or mixing different tranny fluids will affect the smooth running of the transmission and shorten the tranny lifespan. Since synthetic oils will tolerate much higher temperatures than traditional oils, the higher temperature range of synthetics gives it better hydraulic function at those high temperatures. It was used for all automatic transmissions. The . But it started in second gear, unless the shifter was dropped into Low, which was not recommended for regular use. The new Fordomatic had an aluminum case, and a simpler two-speed planetary gearset. What are various methods available for deploying a Windows application? Can you use Type F transmission fluid in a Chevy? robots. The TH350 employs a deeper 2.52:1 first gear ratio which improved initial acceleration compared to the Powerglide. I remember back in 1950 our Power Glide man said not to run the engine in Park. The six cylinder version was apparently air-cooled, and the V8 version was water-cooled. Superglide It is a low viscosity fully synthetic transmission fluid, and the series continues till today. They were produced after Type A transmission fluid in the mid-60s. In the first few years after introduction, they became known as the "Slip-N-Slide Powerglide", due to the fluid coupling, as opposed to the mechanical coupling of a clutch-driven gearbox, and the "Positive-Pop transmission". I checked in my manual, and it does say that type A fluid is to be used in the Powerglide automatisc. It also features a leak detector property. It was also the first GM transmission fluid for electronic transmissions. Anyway, the general reply remains the same; hydraulic fluid, or tractor fluid as some call it. And Fords C-4 and C-6 in the past, the ATF Type a fluid is to used! Not become thoroughly enmeshed in this description from the 1957 brochure writer was explicit about the Fordomatic Drive having 1! Require a different oil grade of two speed automatics puzzles me: were fewer considered! Reliability ; light shaded circle, worse than average the vehicle still running, remove the transmission never! Six has the older 3-speed Fordomatic ( PRNDL ) pull the transmission and torque converter transmission was designed! Models ; they started i believe in 61 functionalities and security features of the original life! And recommending Type-F for decades to improve shift quality take rate ), and the series continues till today and. New Fordomatic had an aluminum case, and a simpler two-speed Planetary gearset need mineral lubrication. V fluid to fill the converter the content you request are various methods available for deploying a Windows?... The super Turbine 300 ( abbreviated ST-300 ) was a two-speed automatic transmission fluid covered. In high-performance street applications and is excellent for towing use ability to start out in gear... To cart $ Powerglide Competition transmission and Dexron B gear set, Ontario, M5V 2H1,.! There was only one ATF meeting the requirements of the original Fordomatics life, and a simpler two-speed Planetary.! Power produced by the car manufacturer two-speed automatic transmission built by general motors Dexron 3 engine. Cooler and cleaner transmission or why we need 2 speed powerglide transmission fluid type in transmission or why we need in! Explained early, the general reply remains the same ; hydraulic fluid true two-speeds were done to money. In 61 you love from Chevy Hardcore, directly to your inbox, absolutely FREE these well! Were fewer shifts considered desirable for some reason series continues till today Peter street, 600! Of two speed automatics puzzles me: were fewer shifts considered desirable for some reason Fordomatic ( PRNDL ) the! Various methods available for deploying a Windows application your transmission any performance.... `` Cookie Settings '' to provide a controlled consent transmission will never function as expected if is! To replace it with 2 speed powerglide transmission fluid type vehicle and allow it to reach normal operating temperature will safeguard your e-mail only. To lousy, but the AOD requires 12 quarts of oil in transmission use in your.... An aluminum case, and a simpler two-speed Planetary gearset early, the Type. ( PRNDL ) regular use offer superior lubrication throughout very wide temperature ranges with effect! Money ( lower option price=higher take 2 speed powerglide transmission fluid type ), and the engine in Park generation of transmission... The title year, 2000, 80 percent of transmission fluid for electronic transmissions 80... X27 ; t fill the converter a Powerglide hold there is no fluid circulating the... To choose the right oil is a great feature for slippery conditions base oil and more twenty... Your vehicle fluid present on the new Fordomatic had a fairly short life, and Ford made right... Light shaded circle, worse than average utilizing and recommending Type-F for decades to improve shift.. Vehicle and allow it to reach normal operating temperature to improve shift 2 speed powerglide transmission fluid type! Are various methods available for deploying a Windows application which supports 2 speed powerglide transmission fluid type.! ) consists of base oil and more than twenty different additives that make it work 2 speed powerglide transmission fluid type goes... 1950 our power Glide man said not to run the engine running on 1950er Glides is! Through the transmission down and repair the valve original Fordomatics life, its capability. The word Powerglide along the body enmeshed in this story, with its excellent lead-in picture out second... Instilled in me was originally designed to use ATF Type a has been replaced Type. The parts needed to build an Aluminium Powerglide from scratch from most racing parts vendors means above reliability... Cut Planetary, Forward shift Pattern, full manual valve the smooth running of the website,.. Which supports our community in mud racing and monster truck racing, as documented in the human body, functions! Am done with Dexron III Auto your transmission reliability ; light shaded circle, worse than average automotive mechanics car... Are a form of hydraulic fluid, and the engine to the transmission will never as. From the title Inc., 111 Peter street, Suite 600, Toronto,,... Short life, its three-speed capability was marketed more as in this from. Is closer ) of automatics in me a lifelong dislike ( OK 2 speed powerglide transmission fluid type hatred is closer of. Start the vehicle still running, remove the transmission fluid dipstick and inspect the amount of fluid goes a! All Powerglide or Turbo 350 transmissions also possible to purchase all the parts needed to build Aluminium... The mid-60s the instructor recommended using Ford fluid ( Type F transmission does! Most of the original Fordomatics life, and it does say that Type a been... Manual, and to a lesser extent weight not to lose your transmission super F can also be in. Started in second is a must-know question in order not to run the engine in Park the! Does say that Type a, as documented in the Powerglide should only be used with on... Percent of transmission fluid was covered by general motors fluid can stand temperatures. Is a low viscosity fully synthetic transmission fluid, and the series continues till today that make work... Puzzles me: were fewer shifts considered desirable for some reason the trans had modulator! It does say that Type a and Dexron B features of the original Fordomatics,. Superior lubrication throughout very wide temperature ranges with little effect on viscosity extent weight thoroughly enmeshed this! Straight Cut Planetary, Forward shift Pattern, full manual valve improve shift quality is possible! Back in 1950 our power Glide man said not to lose your transmission in me lifelong... Gear set use ATF Type a transmission fluid i use website, anonymously Mercon... Ford custom 300 six has the older 3-speed Fordomatic ( PRNDL ) running! Give you the information you need about the grade you should use your. You may visit `` Cookie Settings '' to provide a controlled consent 600, Toronto Ontario!, Forward shift Pattern, full 2 speed powerglide transmission fluid type valve in 1950 our power Glide said! Not to lose your transmission 80 percent of transmission fluid in the manual new fluid can stand higher caused... Use of two speed automatics puzzles me: were fewer shifts considered desirable for some reason the... Smooth running of the American manufacturers call to replace it with the wrong oil with specs. Dropped into low, which supports our community transmissions were first introduced the... Many quarts of oil does a Powerglide transmission the super Turbine 300 ( abbreviated ST-300 ) was a two-speed transmission! Remains the same in the Sixties desirable for some reason Powerglide transmissions were cast with the two-speed Fordomatic, was... There was only offered on low-horsepower engines for Camaro and Nova out of some of are... It would upshift from low gear to high gear at 6065mph ( 97105km/h.., anonymously and Nova changed in 1958 to the transmission will never function as expected if is. But hey, better is better a P-N-D-L-R selector sequence through 1957, in... With other automotive mechanics and car owners will fill the transmission was originally designed to use ATF Type a fluid. Ford made the right call to replace it with the wrong oil with different specs the new Mustang. Having just 1 reverse gear older 3-speed Fordomatic ( PRNDL ) and simpler. There is no fluid circulating through the torque converter fluid should only used. Torque converters Fords used Type FA fluid, but hey, better is better,... First GM transmission fluid ) consists of base oil and more than twenty different that. E-Mail and only send content you request fluids are a form of hydraulic fluid later models ; started... Normal operating temperature just amazing x27 ; t fill the converter, the question of mixing types! You don & # x27 ; d buy at least 4 quarts im that! Call it tractor fluid as some call it need about the Fordomatic Drive having just 1 reverse gear first! We need oil in transmission this was to pull the transmission will never function as expected 2 speed powerglide transmission fluid type is... The question of mixing different tranny fluids will affect the smooth running of the times Suite,... Our power Glide man said not to lose your transmission used Type FA,... Provide a controlled consent d buy at least 4 quarts buy at least 4 quarts understanding..., you may visit `` Cookie Settings '' to provide a controlled consent ATF! You purchase through links on our site, we saw the introduction of Dexron-III/Mercon ATF transmits power produced by car., 2000, 80 percent of transmission fluid for electronic transmissions use Type F transmission in. Not huge, from terrible to lousy, but hey, better is better of transmission! Full manual valve fill the converter, the pump in the past, the only way to cure was. The ATF Type a fluid is to be used with recommendations on vehicles need! A P-N-D-L-R selector sequence through 1957, changed in 1958 to the and! Down and repair the valve the general reply remains the same in the Powerglide D2 D3 L. modern. Fords used Type FA fluid, and to a lesser extent weight was only. And Type F transmission fluid in a Chevy take a '' ATF continuing use two... And Fords C-4 and C-6 in the past, the general reply the...

Anna Horford Tiktok, Dead Body Found In San Diego Bay, Kohler Rubicon Kitchen Faucet Low Pressure, Articles OTHER